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66 IV. No treaty can be a pretext for altering that rule.

V. As justice was not denied, and the complainants themselves did not appeal to the Higher Courts, there is no case for reprisals on the part of Prussia.

VI. The clear words of the Treaties of Breslau and Dresden demand the Silesian indemnity to be paid.

The first point, that affairs of prize can only be judged in the prize courts of belligerents, was long established by the custom of nations. There never was, nor can there be, any other equitable mode of trial. All maritime nations have, when at war, from the earliest times uniformly proceeded in this way, with the approbation of all the powers at peace. If justice is denied by the prize courts of a belligerent nation, or if its decisions are notoriously contrary to justice, then such a pretext is a just cause of remonstrance and even of war,