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Rh as in time of peace; and this clause, which was a renunciation of the right previously claimed and exercised to interdict all neutral commerce with one's enemies, has been confounded with a permission to carry enemies' goods. The distinction is manifest.

Under the more sweeping prohibition a neutral could not buy for his own use a belligerent's goods, nor sell to him in return his own wares. Under the more restricted prohibition he could carry on this habitual trade, but he might not acquire the carrying trade of the belligerent for merchandize the property of the belligerent. And what clearly proves that it was this general trade alone which was allowed by the clause concerning "free navigation" inserted in these treaties, is that in some treaties a clause is found permitting "free navigation in time of war as in time of peace," side by side with another clause expressly prohibiting the carrying trade of the enemy. In the Treaty of