Page:Hand-book of Volapük (Sprauge, 1888).djvu/39

 If the sentence contains an interrogativ word, such as, who ? which ? what ? how ? when ? where ? li is unnecessary.

Kim binom man at ?   Who is this man ? Man kiom binom at ?   What man is this ? Kipladi man at golom ?   Where (whither) is this man going ? = EXERCISE 23 =

Kikod ? why ? Kiplad or ki&ouml;p ? where ? Kipladi ? where (to what place) ? Ki&uuml;p or kitim ? when ? Liko ? how ? These are interrogativs which do not require -li.

Stad&ouml;n, to be [in a certain state or condition], to do, as in "how do you do ?"

'''Liko stadol, o s&ouml;l ! ? Stadob gudiko, danob ole (or danis'''). '''Li-ebinol lonedo in zif ? No lonedo, ek&ouml;mob bletimo de Madrid. Binom-li Madrid zif j&ouml;nik ? Binom lej&ouml;nik; il&ouml;fob&ouml;v blib&ouml;n us lonedumo. Ki&ouml;p lom olik binom ? Lom obik binom in Boston, ab labob flenis m&ouml;dik in zif at. Li-estudol flentap&uuml;ki ? Estudob flentap&uuml;ki ab no kanob p&uuml;k&ouml;n omi gudiko. Li.kap&auml;lol valikosi keli lil&auml;dol ? Si, o s&ouml;l ! ti valikosi.'''

Have you seen my father to-day ? No, sir; is he not in the house ? Have you read the newspapers to-day ? I have not had time to read. How is your father to-day ? Thanks; he is (stadom) much better. His many friends will have much pleasure to know it. = THE FREQUENTATIV FORM OR AORIST =

When a verb refers to the habitual performance of an action, this may be indicated by adding the letter i (pronounced as a separate syllable) to the tense augment. Thus,