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61 Steinheil had been led to making a trial of laying the wires in the earth, because at Göttingen the wires in the air had been several times injured by strong winds. Baron Schilling, Baron Jacquin and Professor Ettingshausen, at Vienna, concluded that the suspending of the wires in the air was the better method.

After all that had been accomplished before the month of September, 1837, in Europe by Baron Schilling, by Weber and Gauss, by Steinheil, and by Cooke and Wheatstone, it is offensive to obsorve that in America the painter Morse, who made, on the 4th September, 1837, a poor experiment which he considered " successful," is held out as having made an electro magnetic telegraph before any body in Europe.

Samuel Finley Breese Morse, born 1791, the eldest