Page:Haaland v. Brackeen.pdf/3

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(c) Petitioners contend that no source of congressional authority authorizes Congress to regulate custody proceedings for Indian children. They suggest that the Indian Commerce Clause, for example, authorizes Congress to legislate only with respect to Indian tribes as government entities, not Indians as individuals. But this Court’s holding more than a century ago that “commerce with the Indian tribes, means commerce with the individuals composing those tribes,” United States v. Holliday, 3 Wall. 407, 417, renders that argument a dead end.