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64 of the Kúsarí and Mámharí, which flow from the mountains of Shamílán, is eight parasangs. Thence you arrive, at a distance of five days’ journey, at a defile through which the Jailam runs. At the end of the defile lies Dawáru-l Marsad, on both sides of the river. There the Jailam enters the plains, and turns towards Adashtán, the capital of Kashmír, which it reaches at a distance of two days’ journey. The city of Kashmir is four parasangs from Adashtán. It is built on both banks of the Jailam, on which there are many bridges and boats. The source of the Jailam is on the mountains of Harmakut, near the source of the Ganges. This mountain is impassable on account of the exceeding cold, for the snow never melts, even when the sun is in Cancer or Leo. On the other side of it lies Máhá Chín, i.e., great Chín. After the Jailam has left the mountains, it reaches Adashtán in two days. Four parasangs from that, it expands into a lake, a parasang square, on the borders of which there is much cultivation, and a dense population. It then leaves the lake, and enters another defile near the city of U′shkárá. The Sind rises in the mountains of A′mak, on the borders of the