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-41- or banner(s) bearing the phrases “驅逐共黨 光復香港 (Expel the Communist Party, liberate Hong Kong)”, “驅逐共黨 還我香港 (Expel the Communist Party, return Hong Kong to us)”, “天滅中共 全黨死清光 (The Heaven will destroy the Chinese Communist Party, with the whole party extinct)” and “止警暴，制黑亂，滅港共，倒林鄭 (Stop Police violence, curb black chaos, destroy the Hong Kong Communist Party, down with Carrie LAM)””.

121. Significantly, the co-occurrence rate between the use of the Slogan and the waving/chanting of secessionist/subversive words as defined above increased sharply from 11% in 2019 to 70% in 2020.

F.4.2 Defence Expert Evidence

122. The Defence adduced evidence from Professor Eliza W Y Lee, a Professor of Political Science and Public Administration at the Department of Politics and Public Administration, the University of Hong Kong and Professor Francis L F Lee, Director and Professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (together, the “Defence Experts”).

123. The Defence Experts adopted an interdisciplinary approach to investigate into the subject, including social sciences and cultural studies, which is different from the historical approach that Professor Lau had used to compile his expert reports. The Defence Experts jointly prepared a report dated 3 June 2021 (the “Defence Expert Report”)