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 are well known to the Russian members of the Executive. Whether such representative possesses the necessary qualifications for such a mission, and whether he is able to carry out his functions properly, is exclusively the prerogative of the Executive to know. And from such a "grey cardinal" the Executive is receiving reports, which remain entirely unknown to the leaders of the party in the country in which the informer is operating. There is no control whatever over these reports."

Comrades, I have shown already that Serati is Levi's predecessor. He coined the phrase "grey cardinal," and Levi, the word "Turkestanian" (Tashkenian).

Comrades, I could cite many more quotations, but firstly, you have the book yourselves, and, secondly, I think that the citations quoted are sufficient. I would like only to read to you Bentivoglio's resolution; it was passed in Livorno after our comrades had left the Congress.

It runs as follows: "Whereas, the Seventeenth Convention of the Socialist Party of Italy has considered and confirmed the resolutions, on the basis of which the party has joined the Third International, and has accepted its principal methods without reservation—it protests against the declaration of the representative of the Executive Committee, explaining the exclusion of the party on the ground of differences of attitude towards local and casual questions, which might and should have been settled by means of friendly discussion and brotherly accord; and whereas the Convention is conforming its affiliation to the Third International, it submits the conflict to the forthcoming Congress of the Third International, pledging itself in advance to recognise and carry out its decision."

Comrades, formally the matter stands thus: when the Communists left, Serati's party passed this resolution appealing to the Third Congress of the Com-