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Rh If we used the autonomous form in this last sentence we would get—

The English present participle is usually translated by the verbal noun preceded by the preposition. If the English present participle expresses “rest” (e.g., standing, sitting, lying, sleeping, &c.), the verbal noun must be preceded by the preposition (= in) compounded with a suitable possessive adjective (§ 186).

The verbal noun in each of the above is dative case, governed by the preposition.

When the English present participle governs an objective case, the object if a noun will follow the verbal noun in Irish and will be in the genitive case.