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 which refuge is taken (the S. B. of the E. spell Samgha).—56, 61, 64, 68, 69, 71, 86, 92, 95, 96, 98. 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 108, 145, 150, 168, 178, 250, 253, 254; sangha may be expected to prosper, 221,

Sa´ñjaya, p. and skt., a wandering ascetic and chief of that sect to which Sariputta and Moggallana belonged before their conversion.—70. Sankhā´ra, p., Samskā´ra, skt. confection, conformation, disposition. It is the formative element in the karma as it has taken shape in bodily existence.—155, 157, 158.

Sāripu´tta, p., Śāripu´tra, skt., one of the principal disciples of Buddha; the Buddhistic St. Peter.—70, 71, 76, 77, 85, 87, 103, 112, 120, 212, 213, 122; Sǎriputta's faith, 213, 221.

Sā´vaka, p., Śrā´vaka, skt., he who has heard the voice (viz. of Buddha), a pupil, a beginner. The name is used to designate (1) all personal disciples of Buddha, the foremost among whom are called Mahā-sā- vakas, and (2) an elementary degree of saintship. A sāvaka is he who ts superficial yet in practice and comprehension, being compared to a hare crossing the stream of Samsara by swimming on the surface. [See Eitel Handbook, p. 157.]—172, 173, 174.

Sati-patthā´na, p., Smrityupasthā´na, skt., meditation; explained as "fixing the attention." The four objects of earnest meditation are: (1) the impurity of the body, (2) the evils arising from sensation, (3) ideas or the impermanence of existence, and (4) reason and character, or the permanency of the dharma. (Rh. D. B., p. 172.) The term is different from "bhāvanā," although translated by the same English word. (S. B. of the E. XI, p. 62.–211).

Sāva´tthi, p., Śrāva´stī, skt., capital of Northern Kosala. It has been identified by General Cunningham with the ruins of Sāhet-Māhet in Oudh and was situated on the river Rapti, northwest of Magadha.—75, 77, 8l, 94, 96, 97, 103, 188, 195, 212, 215

Se´niya, p., Sai´nya, skt., military, warlike, an honorary title given to Bimbisāra the king of Magadha.—65, 69, 90, 98.

Siddha´ttha, p., Siddhā´rtha, skt., Buddha's proper name. Etymology, "He who has reached his goal."—10–26, 48, 82–86, 88, 110, 165

Sigā´la, p., Srigā´la, skt., literally, "jackal"; name of a Brahman converted by Buddha.—144, 145.

Si´mha, skt., Sī´ha, p., literally, "lion." Name of a general, an adherent of the Niggantha sect, converted by Buddha, 145–151; Simha, a soldier, 147; Simha's question concerning annihilation, 146.

So´ma, p. and skt., derived from the root su, to press in a winepress, not as, according to Eitel, Chinese scholars propose from "exhilarate 284