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302 from this first step, that the result will be a closer bond of identity between the earth and the celestial bodies.

To understand the bearing of the speculation regarding the habitableness of the planets, it will be necessary to make a distinction as to the nature of the arguments employed. The astronomical aspect of the question will be best understood when viewed in connexion with the other arguments.

1. The first argument we shall mention is the a priori, or that which professes to demonstrate, from the character of God, that the planets must be inhabited. Now it may be observed, that all arguments taking this ground ought to be viewed with suspicion, for they are based on the supposition, that we can sufficiently comprehend the nature and providence of God to construct a demonstration. We can, indeed, with certainty, shew that the works of God and the events of providence illustrate His character; but the converse does not hold, that we can, from our knowledge of God's character, demonstrate that such works must necessarily be executed, or such events occur. And in regard to the question of a plurality of inhabited worlds, the arguments usually employed are no exception to the general rule.

(1.) Under the head of the a priori argument, it is urged, that it would be derogatory to the character of God to suppose that the planets and other heavenly bodies were created merely for our use, as, in that