Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/466



The demonstrative pronouns are, fem. , plur. (§ 34), hic, haec (hoc), hi, &c., and the personal pronoun, likewise used as a demonstrative, fem. , plur. masc., fem. , is, ea (id), or ille, &c., ii, eae or illi, &c. The distinction between them in usage is that (like hic, ὅδε) almost always points out a (new) person or thing present, while  (like is, ille, αὐτός, ἐκεῖνος) refers to a person or thing already mentioned or known (see the examples below).

Rem. 1. Compare the instructive examples in, of whom I say unto thee, this  shall go with thee, he  shall go with thee (so afterwards with negatives). Moreover,, i.e. the actual day on which one is speaking or writing (, &c.), but the day or period of which the historian has just been speaking  or of which the prophet has just been foretelling (, , 20 ff.) and of which he continues to speak or foretell. Nevertheless and  are also found in certain common combinations where  and  would be expected, and vice versa; thus almost always, plur. , but or —With a secondary sense of contempt (like Latin iste)  occurs, e.g. in, , , , &c. In the sense of the neuter, this, is more common than, as , , &c., but  more common than.

2. Both and  are sometimes used almost as enclitics to emphasize interrogative words (like the Latin nam in quisnam; cf. also quis tandem); e.g.   (darkeneth, &c.)...? f.,, , , , &c; ; how now? ; why now? ; but before the verb  it is usually  , , , ;  , , , , &c.—So also  ,  ff.; and still more emphatically  ,.

3. is likewise used as an enclitic (see c above): (a) of place, in such passages as   (that art here) be my son Esau?  is it thou?, , ; cf. also the strengthen-