Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/406

 ; even before the verb, .—To the same class belongs also the Lamedh inscriptionis (untranslatable in English, and hardly more than a mere quotation-mark) which introduces the exact wording of an inscription or title; thus  write upon it... (the words)  (cf. verse 3, where the  naturally is not used);.

(d), originally (according to ) separation, represents both the idea of distance, separation or remoteness from something, and that of motion away from something, hence also descent, origin from a place,.

(1) From the idea of separation is naturally derived on the one hand the sense of (taken) from among..., e numero, e.g. subtil as none other of the beasts, &c.; cf. 3:14,, , (so especially after the idea of choosing out of All the partitive uses of  also come most naturally under this idea of separation out of a larger class. Thus  is used in the sense of some, something, and even one, in such expressions as and he slew... also  (divers) of the princes of Israel, ;  ; ; , , &c.;  my heart doth not reproach me , i.e. for one, of my days; 38:12 , i.e. ever in thy life (this explanation is confirmed by ; cf. also, ). In this way also, the frequently misunderstood Hebrew (and Arabic) idiom is to be explained, by which before ,  is equivalent to ullus; e.g.  and shall do ; 5:13, , ; so before a nomen unitatis (see ),   .— is used in the sense of the Arabic min el-beyān or explicative min (often to be simply translated by namely), e.g. in  of all that was, i.e. so far as it was, probably also  (=whomsoever they chose). a larger class, ; cf. , &c.), and on the other hand, the sense of without (separated, free from...), e.g.   (i.e. without one needing to bend a bow against them) they were made prisoners; cf. ;, as the first half-verse shows, not more than burnt offerings (as R.V.), but and not burnt offerings; , , , , , also such examples as far from the eyes, i.e. unobserved by the congregation;.

Here also belongs the use of after the ideas of restraining, withholding from, refusing to any one, frequently in pregnant expressions, which we can render only by complete final or consecutive clauses, e.g.  he hath rejected thee  (being) king, instead of  (as in verse 26), that thou be no longer king; cf. , ;,  he bindeth the streams ; ,  ;.

The has a still more pregnant force in those examples in which the idea of precluding from anything is only indirectly contained in the preceding verb, e.g.  his eyes were dim, i.e. so that he could not see;  Ephraim shall be broken in pieces  (just as in , , 42, ); , , , ,  (for other pregnant constructions with  see below, ff) ; on  and , cf. .