Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/368

 preferable], in both places as perfect frequentative;  referring to the future, unless with Stade,  vi. 189, we read and ), or an imperfect consecutive  or participle ; cf. also u.

2. The idea of long continuance is very frequently expressed by the verb, along with its infinitive absolute, or even by the latter alone, and this occurs not only when it can be taken in its literal sense (to go, to walk, as in the examples given above, , 13, , , ; cf. also, , where both infinitives stand before the verb, and , where precedes), but in cases where  in the sense of to go on, to continue, merely performs also the function of an adverb. The action itself is added in a second infinitive absolute, or sometimes (see above, t) in a participle or verbal adjective. Examples, ;, , , ; with a participle following,  (unless we read , as in ); with an adjective following, , , ,  ,.

On the other hand, in the participle  is used instead of the infinitive absolute. Of a different kind are the instances in which the participle is used as predicate along with the co-ordinate adjective  or participle.

3. The regular place of the negative is between the intensifying infinitive absolute and the finite verb, e.g., , , ; cf. . Exceptions are (where the negation of the threat pronounced in 2:17 is expressed in the same form of words);,.

4. With a finite verb of one of the derived conjugations, not only the infinitive absolute of the same conjugation may be connected ( Piʿēl; 17:13,, Niphʿal;  Puʿal;  Hiphʿîl;  Hophʿal), but also (especially with Niphʿal, rarely with Piʿēl and Hiphʿîl; see Driver on ) that of  as the simplest and most general representative of the verbal idea,  (with Piʿēl; but in ,   is a passive of Qal, ); 46:4 (with Hiphʿîl); , , , , ,  (with Niphʿal);  (with Hithpoʿēl;  in the same verse must also, according to the Masora, certainly be the infinitive absolute Qal; see ), and so always. Elsewhere the infinitive absolute of a conjugation with kindred meaning is found,, Hophʿal for Niphʿal (but most probably we should read, with Driver, the infin. Niph. in both places,  and );  (Piʿēl for Hiphʿîl, unless  is to be read);  (Hophʿal for Puʿal). Finally, the infinitive absolute may