Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/365

 2. Analogous to the use of the infinitive absolute as the accusative of the object, mentioned in d, is its employment as a casus adverbialis in connexion with some form of the finite verb, to describe more particularly the manner or attendant circumstances (especially those of time and place) under which an action or state has taken place, or is taking place, or will take place; e.g. he shall be buried with the burial of an ass,, i.e. being drawn and cast forth, &c.;  (, i.e. distant; cf. , ); , , , 23, 15:35 (where a subject is added subsequently; see below, gg); ,  (, i.e. from beginning to end); ,  ( and , prop. a making deep ..., and a making high, i.e. whether thy request extend to the world below or to the height above); 57:17 (, sc. my face);  ;  (, for the form cf. ); ,  (, to define more precisely  verse 15);.

Rem. 1. To an adverbial infinitive absolute of this kind, there may further be added a casus adverbialis (the accusative of state or circumstance), or even a circumstantial clause, to define more exactly the manner in which the action is performed, e.g. and he did so, prop. in the condition of one naked, &c.; a breaking in pieces (acc. to the reading ; the Masora requires ) without sparing.

2. A few infinitives of this kind, all of which are in Hipheîl, have, through frequent use, come to be treated by the language as simple adverbs; so especially (cf. ) multum faciendo, i.e. multum, very frequently strengthened by  and even used without connexion with a finite verb (see the Lexicon); also, i.e. bene, used especially to express the careful and thorough performance of an action (e.g. ); in ,  it is added epexegetically to another adverbial infinitive absolute, in  it twice precedes the verb for the sake of emphasis. Finally,, i.e. early in the morning, then in general early with the additional idea of earnestness; in joined with the infinitive absolute  a denominative from  (morning and evening, i.e. early and late), elsewhere (with the exception of ) always joined with the infinitive absolute of the governing verb, e.g.  for I earnestly protested  unto your fathers ... , i.e. with earnest protestation; ,  (where  should be omitted before ); , ,.