Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/353

 put them, &c.);, , , . Finally there are the cases in which an infinitival or participial construction representing past time, according to , , is taken up and continued by an imperfect consecutive.

(2) To represent present actions, &c., in connexion with tenses, or their equivalents, which describe actions and states as being either present or lasting on into the present (continuing in their effect); so especially,

(α) In connexion with the present perfects, described in, e.g. therefore my heart is glad  and my glory rejoiceth ;  (parallel with a simple imperfect). Cf. also such examples as  (prop. he sat down, and has been enthroned ever since),.

(β) In connexion with those perfects which represent experiences frequently confirmed (see ), e.g. he cometh up  like a flower, and is cut down ; he fleeth  also as a shadow, ;, , 11, ,.

(γ) In connexion with imperfects which, in one of the ways described in § 107. 2, are used in the sense of the present; e.g. but man dieth  and becometh powerless, &c., i.e. remains powerless; , , f., , , , ,  (when thou mockest), 12:25, 34:24, 37:8 (parallel with a simple imperfect); 39:15. In the apodosis of a conditional sentence,, so also after an interrogative imperfect, , ( for which in verse 12 and in 43:5 we have ).

(δ) In dependence on participles, which represent what at present continues or is being repeated, e.g., , behold the king weepeth  and mourneth  for Absalom; , f., , , , , but cf. e.g.,.

(ε) In dependence on other equivalents of the present, as in, (see above, m);. So especially as the continuation of an infinitive, which is governed by a preposition (cf. ),, , , &c.

(3) To represent future actions, &c., in dependence on—(α) an imperfect which refers to the future,, f.;—(β) a perfect consecutive, or those perfects which, according to , are intended to represent future events as undoubtedly certain, and therefore as though already accomplished (perf. propheticum); cf. (parallel with a simple imperfect separated from ); 5:16 (cf. 2:11, 17, where the same threat is expressed by the perfect consecutive); 5:25, 9:5, 10f.,