Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/351

 4. The imperfect consecutive sometimes has such a merely external connexion with an immediately preceding perfect, that in reality it represents an antithesis to it, e.g. and (yet) my life is preserved;  and yet thou chargest me;, ; similarly in dependence on noun-clauses,

2. The introduction of independent narratives, or of a new section of the narrative, by means of an, likewise aims at a connexion, though again loose and external, with that which has been narrated previously. Such a connexion is especially often established by means of (καὶ ἐγένετο) and it came to pass, after which there then follows either (most commonly) an  (, 8, 8:6, 11:2,, , &c.), or  with the perfect (separated from it), , , , , or even a perfect without  (, f., 40:1, , , , , , , &c.), or finally a noun-clause introduced by ,.

Rem. 1. This loose connexion by means of is especially common, when the narrative or a new section of it begins with any expression of time, see above, b; cf., in addition to the above-mentioned examples (e.g.  and it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham), the similar cases in, , ,. Elsewhere the statement of time is expressed by or  with an infinitive (,, 29 39:13, 15:18f., ) or by an independent sentence with the perfect (equivalent to a pluperfect, cf. ), e.g. , , , or by a temporal clause introduced by , , , , , , , , ; or, finally, by a noun-clause (cf. ), e.g.   (just) burying a man (prop. they burying), that...; ,  (the apodosis in both these cases being introduced by ); , , , 26, 19:37 (=).—In , , ,  a noun standing absolutely follows  (as the equivalent of a complete sentence; see below, h), and then an  follows.

2. Closely related to the cases noticed in g are those in which the, even without a preceding , introduces the apodosis either— (a) to whole sentences, or (b) to what are equivalent to whole sentences, especially to nouns standing absolutely. As in certain cases of the (see ), so the  has here acquired a sort of independent force. Cf. for (a) because thou hast rejected the word of the Lord,  (cf., , where the causal clause precedes in the form of an infinitive with preposition), ; for (b)   (as to) his concubine..., , &c.; , f., , , ,  , 21:16, f., 12:17, , , , ,  —In ,  the preceding noun, used absolutely, is even regarded as the object of the following imperfect consecutive, and is therefore introduced by.