Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/349

 express the distinct assurance or promise that an action or state will ensue as the certain consequence of a previous action. So especially:

(a) The imperative when depending (with ) upon another imperative. In this case the first imperative contains, as a rule, a condition, while the second declares the consequence which the fulfilment of the condition will involve. The imperative is used for this declaration, since the consequence is, as a matter of fact, intended or desired by the speaker (cf. divide et impera), e.g., i.e. thus shall ye continue to live. ,, , , , , , 6, , f., 4:4, 7:2, 13:20 , , ; in ,   is added to the first imperative. In other cases, the first imperative contains a mocking concession, the second an irrevocable denunciation, e.g.  (continue to) make an uproar, O ye peoples, and ye shall be broken in pieces; cf. verse 9 b.

Rem. 1. If a promise or threat dependent on an imperative be expressed in the 3rd pers. then the jussive is naturally used instead of the 2nd imperative,.

2. In the second imperative (containing a promise) is attached by asyndeton; elsewhere two imperatives occur side by side without the copula, where the second might be expected to be subordinated to the first, e.g.   (where  is virtually, as it were, an object to ) begin, take in possession for to take in possession (cf., however, , and on this kind of co-ordination in general, cf. ). But such imperatives as , , when immediately preceding a second imperative, are for the most part only equivalent to interjections, ''come! up!''

(b) The imperative, when depending (with ) upon a jussive (cohortative), or an interrogative sentence, frequently expresses also a consequence which is to be expected with certainty, and often a consequence which is intended, or in fact an intention; cf. and he shall pray for thee, ; cf. ,, , the Lord bless thee ... so that (or in order that) thou seest, &c.; , ; after a cohortative, , ,  ; , , ;  (after imperative and jussive); after an interrogative sentence,  wherewith shall I make atonement, , &c.—In  the imperative without  (in 32:23 with ) is used after a conditional clause in the sense of a definite promise.

Rem. The ''2nd sing. masc. occurs in addressing feminine persons in (, according to Qimḥi an infinitive, in which case, however, the infinitive absolute  should be read; but probably we should simply read  with Moore),  and  (after ); and in, the 2nd plur. masc.'' (On