Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/262

 With a long vowel in the second syllable: (d) tĭqṭâl, as (for tĭhâm; in Assyrian the fem. tiâmtu, constr. st. tiâmat, is the usual word for sea), unless it is to be derived with Delitzsch, Prolegomena, p. 113, from the stem ; (e) tâqṭîl (in Arabic the usual form of the infinitive of conjugation II. which corresponds to the Hebrew ), e.g. from a verb, fem. ; , with a parallel form ; in a passive sense, ; (f) , e.g.  (for tănpûaḥ); very frequently used to form abstracts, e.g.  (also ); from verbs , ,  (like , from the  stem), , &c.; very frequently also as an abstract plural, e.g. , , ,  and ; from a verb ,.

XI. Nouns with Afformatives.

52. Nouns with affixed. Perhaps (?), and probably, ( in both cases is probably a modification of the original ă in the tone-syllable), , cf. .—According to Prätorius, 1903, p. 530 ff., al is an affix of endearment in the proper names,  (little lizard?)  (also ).

53. Nouns with affixed. With an original ăm as afformative, (although the ā in the sing. remains unchangeable), plur. ; but in, the is radical. With original afformative ŭm, (also ) naked (from ), plur. , parallel form, plur. .—To this class also belong the adverbs in ām and ōm, mentioned in, and many proper names, as , also , and (patronymic ), , , &c.; but for  (?), , probably  is to be read.

54. Nouns with affixed. The is added by means of a simple helping vowel in, and ; more frequently the addition is made by means of a tone-bearing ă, which in Hebrew is modified to  (as ) or lengthened to ā (but cf. also  and ); e.g. , ,. From an original â being changed into an obscure ô we may probably explain such forms as ; (also ) a goad; ; from verbs, , , ; ; from a verb ,  (the only instance with both  preformative and ôn afformative) ; very frequently from the simple stem with an unorganic sharpening of the second radical, e.g. ,  (constr. st.  and ), &c.; cf. also (for ) and ;, for. Proper names occur with the termination ûn, as, , and others.