Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/261

 (c) Ground-form măqṭĭl, Hebr. , e.g. (fem. ),, ; fem. ; from a verb , , ; from verbs , ; fem. (from ), (for me’irrā from ); from a verb,  (from măwqĭš).

(d) Ground-form mĭqṭĭl, Hebr. , e.g., (place of sacrifice); from a verb , e.g.  (?) consessus; (e) ground-from măqṭŭl, Hebr. ; fem., ; from a verb , fem. (from ). Also from, according to the Masora, , with suffixes and , plur. , but, very probably, most if not all of these forms are to be referred to the stem, and therefore should be written , &c. The form, if derived from the stem , would mean stronghold.—Cf. also, developed to a segholate, probably from , for mărōkh from , like of body, from.

With a long vowel in the second syllable: (f) ground-form maqṭâl, with â always obscured to ô, e.g., ; from verbs , e.g. , fem. and (with the ô depressed to û in a toneless syllable; cf. ),, &c.,. (g) Ground-form mĭqṭâl, in Hebr. again, e.g. , (cf. above under i, măkhšēlā); fem. ; (h) the ground-forms maqṭîl, miqṭîl (cf. ) are found only in participles ; the fem. , cheerfulness, is a denominative formed from a participle ; (i) ground-form măqṭûl, as.

Rem. On as preformative of the participles of all the conjugations except  and, cf. . Many of these participles have become substantives, as,.

49. Nouns with prefixed. Besides the participles (ground-form năqṭăl, still retained e.g. in  for năwlād, but commonly attenuated to nıqṭăl, Hebr. ) and the infinitive  of the form, the prefix  is found in , , which is also to be referred to , and  (stem ).

50. With prefixed, e.g. . On this Šaph‛ēl formation, cf. .

51. Nouns with prefixed. Examples of this formation are numerous, especially from weak stems, for the purpose of strengthening them phonetically (see Barth, ibid., p. 283), and notably from verbs and. They may be classified as follows:—(a) the ground-form tăqṭăl in (?); from verbs, ; fem. ,  (from the  ) correction; from a verb , ; from verbs  and , , and , both from ; from a verb  and , ; probably belonging to this class, from verbs , , and  (developed from  and , from  and ).

(b) Tĭqṭăl, e.g. fem. and ; from a verb, e.g. ; (c) tăqṭĭl, e.g. ; fem. (probably from the ); from a verb,  (from the -stem, like the constr. st. plur. ); from verbs , ,  (from the  of the stems  and ).