Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/247

 noticed that in Arabic (see m and note) the pausal form of at is ah, of which a trace may be preserved in the Hebrew.

(b) Simple with nouns ending in a vowel, e.g.,. The same ending is very frequently added to stems ending in a consonant, but only (except before suffixes) by means of a helping vowel, which, as a rule, is, but after gutturals , e.g. ,  ; before suffixes, e.g. , according to the rule given in , cf. also ;. The forms which arise in this way follow in every respect the analogy of the forms. The forms which have been developed by means of a helping vowel are retained even in the connective form ; except (for, which is used elsewhere) , ; cf. and, also  , participle fem. Piʿēl, properly mešāratt = ; also  (participle fem. Piʿēl with suffix) arises from the form  which was developed into.

Rem. 1. The fem. form in is in general less frequent, and occurs almost exclusively when the form in  is also in use. It is only in the participles and infinitives that it is the commoner, e.g. more common than,  than.

2. Rarer feminine endings are—(a) with the tone, e.g.,  (also  );  , unless the reading is wrong; more frequently in proper names, especially of places among the Canaanites or Phoenicians (in whose language  was the usual fem. ending, ) and other neighbouring tribes, e.g. , , ,  Greek  in Idumea;  : on the reading  cf. g. Cf., moreover,  (prob. originally );  (LXX ) ;  ; [, in, , , , is a form borrowed from the Aramaic (Syriac rabbath) in which the original t of the  is often retained to form adverbs, see Wright, , p. 135.]

(b), which likewise occurs in some names of places, e.g. , , as well as in the proper name  , &c. (in, and , ed. Mant. has ), and in the proper name ; otherwise, almost only in poetry, viz. ,, (really for ; the absorption of the î, however, can scarcely have ‘taken place in the Aramaic manner’, as suggested by Duhm on , nor is it due merely to the following , but is intended ‘to facilitate the absorption of ’; so Geiger, Urschrift, p. 277 f.); ,  (either again for , or for , cf. , as probably also , ,  for ). These forms are possibly