Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/238

 on , see. Finally, on, which is referred to by some, as a supposed , see above, u.

12. Examples of apocopated imperatives in and  are:, also , , ; , ;  for , ; , ; cf. .—On, cf. .—In, is found twice instead of  (for ‛arrû) for rhythmical reasons (cf., however,  in the , ).

13. Examples of forms in which the is retained are the imperfects , cf. verse 25 and ;, ;  ; for   (from ) read with Margolis,.

IV. On Hiphʿîl and Hophʿal.

14. The 3rd sing.perfect Hiphʿîl sometimes has in the first syllable instead of ĭ, especially in  (but   ), , ; also with suffixes, e.g.  ,  ,. The also occurs in the 1st sing., e.g.  . On , cf. . The forms with ê in the second syllable (also written defectively, as ) are found throughout in the 1st sing. (except ), rarely in the 2nd ''sing. masc., and never in the 1st plur. In the other persons they are about equally common with î, except in the 2nd plur., where î'' predominates. Before suffixes the forms with î predominate throughout; cf., however, ê in, ,. On the tone of the ''perf. consec. Hiph.'' of, see. In only  occurs in the 2nd syllable.

15. In the of, besides the construct  we find the absolute  taking the place of the common form , which had come to be used invariably (but König calls attention to its use as  in ) as an adverb, in the sense of much; in  the  requires  for the  , an evident scribal error for. Cf. ,, ; the pointing  probably arises from regarding this form as a noun.—On   (with Dageš f. dirimens) see .—In   (before ) is probably , used in order to avoid the hiatus, cf. , and on a similar case in, see above, n.—On the infinitives with elision of the , cf. .

16. The shortened imperfect Hiphʿîl either takes no helping vowel, as, ; , ; , , &c.; , (see ): or else has a helping vowel, as  (for , see ), e.g. ;  ;  ;  ;  i.e. probably    .—Examples of verbs first guttural:  , , &c., which can be distinguished as  from the similar forms in  only by the sense.—The apocopated imperative Hiphʿîl always (except in verbs , e.g. , , ) has a helping vowel,  or , e.g.  (for harb, )  , also ; where, however, it cannot be explained the text stands;  (for ,  , &c.;  (for ) , ; but for  , which could only be  of  (=smear over, as in ), read with Baethgen .—The  with  retained occurs only in  , from . Cf. u.