Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/236

 3rd pers. , Qere;, four times (but  over 200 times); cf. also ;  ; , and. So also occasionally for the, cf. ,, .—For the well attested, but meaningless  (doubtless caused by the following ), read , with Ginsburg.

4. The original sometimes appears even before afformatives beginning with a vowel (cf. above, h and l), especially in and before the, and before the full plural ending , or where for any reason an emphasis rests on the word. ,, cf. ;  .  ,  (without the , );  , , cf. ; ; : more frequently like  ;, , , , , , , , ; before a suffix,. Also in, as ''perf. Qal'' from, was perhaps originally intended, but hardly , since these full forms, though they may stand out of pause, do not begin sentences; probably points to  from  as the right reading, since the sense requires an intransitive verb. Cf. further, v, x, dd, gg.

5. The (cf. Vollers, ‘Das Qâtil-Partizipium,’  1903, p. 312 ff., and on the participles of, ibid., p. 316 ff.), besides feminine forms like  , &c.,  , has also a feminine which retains the 3rd radical , viz. ( =) weeping, ;, (plur. ); , , , , plur. ,. With the ordinary strong inflexion appears in , but perhaps there also  was intended, unless it should be. For,  is to be read.—On   for , cf. , note.—In the the 3rd radical still sometimes appears as , cf. ,, , contracted from , ; and before a formative ending, it even has its consonantal sound,  (read ) ;  (read ‛asûwôth)  ,  (read neṭûwôth). The shortening of the ûin  is irregular.

6. The defective writing is rare in such forms as ; , cf. ;  (cf., , , , &c.), and the pronunciation  , cf. (unless they are sing. with suff. of the 3rd sing. fem.). Both cases are probably to be explained according to.

II. On Niphʿal.

7. Here the forms with in the 1st and 2nd ''pers. sing. of the predominate  only in  ); on the other hand in the 1st plur, always, as  . No examples of the 2nd plur. occur.—With  retained in   ; once with an initial guttural   for , probably arising from the ordinary strong form niḥru, but the harshness of  immediately followed by  is avoided by pronouncing the  with .—In the 3rd sing. fem.''   (in  for )  and  may be transposed for euphonic reasons; but probably we should simply read .—Among Niphʿal forms of  must be classed, with Buxtorf and