Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/212

 In more than half the number of verbs the original  in the above-mentioned forms gives place to, which, unless it suffers aphaeresis (see f), appears:—

in the imperatives, and infinitives , , as a strong consonant, but

in the, properly yiyrăš, merges with the preceding ĭ into î.

In the second syllable imperfects of this form regularly have ă.

(a) That the latter forms are derived from verbs with an original (not ) is shown partly by the inflexion of these verbs in, , and  (where the original  reappears throughout), and partly by the Arabic, in which verbs  likewise exhibit a twofold formation; cf. wălădă, imperf. yălĭdu, with elision of the, and wăǵĭlă, yauǵalu, with retention of the.

(b) Sometimes both forms, the weaker and the stronger, occur in the same verb; cf. and, (cf.   and the infin.  ); , ,  (but cf. s),  (in  for ) ; plur.  , , but also, with  ,. In the   and   it shall be kindled;,  and   (cf.  ).—The form  , for , beside  verse 38, is remarkable; cf. .

(c) On  for  and   for the , cf. .—But  (twice) is not intended by the Masora either as  (for, which really should be restored) or as  of , but as an apocopated  from  (=) to have dominion.

(d) The eight verbs, of which the initial consonant in the above-mentioned forms always suffers elision or aphaeresis, are, , , , also (cf. below, x); and with ă in the second syllable of the , , ,. Examples of the other formation (, &c.) are, , ,  to fear.

2. The original is retained as a firm consonant: (a) in the infinitive, imperative, and, being protected by the strengthening, e.g. , , which are consequently strong forms like , ; (b) in the Hithpaʿel of some verbs, e.g.  from ,  from ,  from ; otherwise a radical  at the beginning of a word is now found only in a few nouns, e.g.  from. At the end of a syllable with the homogeneous