Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/196

 Exceptions, in the  ,  ; in the. On such cases as, cf. .

(c) Where would be the regular vowel of the final syllable, both forms (with ēa and ă) are sometimes in use; the choice of one or the other is decided by the special circumstances of the tone, i.e.:—

Rem. 1. In the of the,  and , the forms  (with suff. , but ),  (with suff. ), and  are used exclusively; except in verbs  where we find, in close connexion, also  ,  , ,  , ,  ,  , all with the tone on the last syllable.—The part. Puʿal is  according to the best authorities (Kittel ).

2. Similarly, in the imperf. and inf. Niphʿal, and in the ''perf. inf. and imperf. Piʿēl the (probably more original) form with ă commonly occurs in the body of the sentence, and the fuller form with ēa in (and even with the lesser distinctives, e.g. with Dehi''  in the ; with   in the ;  ;  ), cf. e.g., with  ;  , even with retraction of the tone in the ''inf. abs. Niphʿal''  (elsewhere ,  twice, in each case without the pause);  , with  ;  ,  with  ; for , cf. . The infinitive absolute Piʿē̇l has the from, ; the , on the other hand, when without the pause is always as  except  .—   has ē, though not in , and even  , ; but a in  in the   ; jussive Piʿēl  ; cf. . An example of ă in the under the influence of a final  is , in the   , &c.—In   (cf. , ), Barth (see above, ) finds an i-imperfect of , since the intransitive meaning is only found in.

3. In the 2nd ''sing. masc. of the, and in the forms of the and  of  which end in gutturals, a alone occurs, e.g. , ,  (so in Hithpalpel , &c., ); even in   , and, with the best authorities,  ;   is perhaps to be emended into  (=).—In the infinitive absolute Ṣere'' remains, e.g. ; as   also occurs in close connexion ; on  as  , cf. .

2. When the guttural with stands at the end of a syllable, the ordinary strong form remains when not connected with suffixes, e.g.,. But in the 2nd ''sing. fem. perfect a helping-Pathaḥ'' takes the place of the,  ; also in, ,  is to be read, not.

Rem. The soft combination with occurs only in the 1st ''plur. perfect'' with suffixes, since in these forms the tone is thrown one place farther forward, e.g., (cf. , , ). Before the suffixes and, the guttural must have , e.g. , ;  ;.

On the weak verbs, see especially § 74.