Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/195

 3. The following are a few rarer anomalies; in the   (elsewhere, &c., in  , cf.  (c) and );   (for ); in the    (perhaps primarily for ; according to   would be expected), and similarly   for ; in the    (cf. above, ); finally, in the    and  , in both cases probably influenced by the closing consonant, and by the preference for Pathaḥ in  (according to ); without the pause  , &c.; but also.

4. As with a suffix we find , &c., with a firmly closed syllable, also the   ; Baer, however, reads in all these cases, on good authority,  &c.—The quite meaningless    (for which the  requires the equally unintelligible ) evidently combines two different readings, viz. (part. Niph.) and (imperf. consec.); cf. König,, i. p. 266 f.—In  (also  in the same verse) an  appears to be intended by the Masora with an irregular shortening of the ô for ; cf. ; on the other hand Qimḥi, with whom Delitzsch agrees, explains the form as, with an irregular for , as in the reading  ; cf. .

5. A few examples in which, as middle radical, entirely loses its consonantal value and quiesces in a vowel, will be found in.

1. According to, when the last syllable has a vowel incompatible with the guttural (i.e. not an a-sound), two possibilities present themselves, viz. either the regular vowel remains, and the guttural then takes furtive Pathaḥ, or (in pause ) takes its place. More particularly it is to be remarked that—

(a) The unchangeable vowels, ,  are always retained, even under such circumstances; hence ''inf. abs. Qal, part. pass., Hiph. , imperf. , part.''. So also the less firm ō in the inf. constr. is almost always retained: cf., however,, in close connexion with a substantive, , and. Examples of the with suffixes are  ;  ; , &c.

(b) The and  almost always have ă in the second syllable, sometimes, no doubt, due simply to the influence of the guttural (for a tone-long ō, originally ŭ), but sometimes as being the original vowel, thus, , &c.; with suffixes , , see.