Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/193



The slight deviations from the ordinary inflexion are confined chiefly to the following :—

1. When the guttural would stand at the beginning of a syllable with simple, it necessarily takes a , and almost always , e.g. ,  ,. In the, before the afformatives î and û, the original is retained in the first syllable, and is followed by , thus, , , &c.; in  the preference of the  for  (but cf. also  ) has caused the change from ă to ĕ; in  , even ĭ remains before a hard guttural.

So in the infinitive Qal fem., e.g., ; and in the with a suffix  ; the doubtful form  , is better explained as  (= ).

2. Since the preference of the gutturals for the a-sound has less influence on the following than on the preceding vowel, not only is retained after the middle guttural in the   (with the fem. ending and retraction and shortening of the o  and  cf. ), but generally also the  in the  and, e.g. , , and even the more feeble  after  in such forms as ,   (cf., however,  , &c.). But in the and, the final syllable, through the influence of the guttural, mostly takes , even in transitive verbs, e.g. , ; , ; , ; with suffixes (according to ),  , ,.

With ō in the, the only instances are ;  , ,    (with the unusual repetition of the lost ō as ; 2nd plur. masc. in   ; without the   );. Finally for, , is an example of the same kind, see. Just as rare are the imperfects in ō of verbs middle guttural, as, , ,  (but  ); cf. ; . Also in the perfect Piʿēl, Pathaḥ occurs somewhat more frequently than in the strong verb, e.g.  (cf., however,, , , );