Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/182

 1st pers.  (even in pause,, &c.),  (for , ).

2nd pers. ( in pause ) and, only orthographically different,

(, in ).

3rd pers. (for ),   for.

[1''st pers. plur.'' (for ), see the Rem.]

In the other persons Nûn energetic does not occur.

Rem. The uncontracted forms with Nûn are rare, and occur only in poetic or elevated style (, [bis],, ); they are never found in the 3rd fem. sing. and 1st plur. On the other hand, the contracted forms are tolerably frequent, even in prose. An example of as 1st plur. occurs perhaps in  [but read  and cf. ], hardly in ; cf. ,, , for  (instead of ; see ).—In  the Masora requires , without Dageš in the Nûn.

That the forms with Nûn energicum are intended to give greater emphasis to the verbal form is seen from their special frequency in. Apart from the verb, however, Nûn energicum occurs also in the union of suffixes with certain particles.

This Nûn is frequent in Western Aramaic. In Arabic the corresponding forms are the two energetic moods (see ) ending in an and anna, which are used in connexion with suffixes (e.g. yaqtulan-ka or yaqtulanna-ka) as well as without them.

1. The endings (afformatives) of the perfect occasionally vary somewhat from the ordinary form, when connected with pronominal suffixes; viz.:—

(a) In the 3''rd sing. fem.'' the original feminine ending or  is used for.

(b) In the 2''nd sing. masc.'' besides we find, to which the connecting vowel is directly attached, but the only clear instances of this are with.

(c) In the 2''nd sing. fem.'', the original form of , appears; cf. ,, ; . This form can be distinguished from the 1st pers. only by the context.

(d) 2''nd plur. masc.'' for. The only examples are, ,. The  never occurs with suffixes; probably it had the same form as the masculine.

We exhibit first the forms of the perfect, as used in connexion with suffixes, since here no further changes take place in the stem itself, except as regards the tone (see c).