Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/167

 even in ; cf. and 65 e. In the 1st sing. imperfect the e-sound occurs in two words for, under the preformative ; , ,  and   (in accordance with ).—Before the full plural ending  (see ) the  is retained in , e.g.   (but  ), cf. , ; so before Silluq, and even before. Instead of, forms like are also found, e.g. , , in both cases before a sibilant and in pause. Also  occurs as the 2nd sing. imperative (probably an intentional imitation of the sound of the preceding ) and (for qarrabh).

3. The infinite absolute of has sometimes the special form  given in the paradigm, e.g., ; cf. , (from a verb );  (from a verb ); but much more frequently the form of the   is used instead. The latter has also, in exceptional cases, the form (with ă attenuated to ĭ as in the ), e.g. in  ; perhaps also (if not a substantive)  ; and for the sake of assonance even for  in. On the other hand,  and   are better regarded as substantives, while , ,  (in each case after ),  (after ), in all of which places it is considered by König (after Qimḥi) to be , is really perfect of.

The infinitive construct, with the ending (cf. ), occurs in  ;  ; with  of the  before a suffix. On the verbal nouns after the form of the Aram. inf. Pa‛il, see.

Instead of the abnormal (so Baer, ) as ptcp. Pi‛el, read with ed. Mant. and Ginsburg.

4. In Puʿal ŏ is sometimes found instead of ŭ in the initial syllable, e.g., , &c., , cf. ;, , . According to Baer’s reading also in , and so also Ben Ašer, but Ben Naphtali. It is merely an orthographic licence when ŭ is written fully, e.g..

5. As, of we find  .—No instance of the inf. constr. occurs in the strong verb in ; from  with suffix.

6. A few examples occur of the without the preformative, e.g.  ;  (for ) ;  ;. These are distinguished from the  (as in ) by the ā of the final syllable. For other examples, see, (where , according to , stands for  = ); but, according to the Masora, not , since  as Mil‛êl can only be the. The rejection of the may be favoured by an initial, as in  (but also );  (where, however, read ); so also in the participle   ,  (always after , but cf. also  , where, however,  =  is to be read, with Brockelmann, , p. 264 f.) and   (and ?). Notice, however, Barth’s suggestion (, p. 273) that, as the active of forms like only occurs in, they are perfect participles of former passives of Qal (see e), and in , , perfect participles of Piʿēl.—On  , see.