Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/121

 also in  read  with ed. Mant., &c. (Baer ).— becomes in.

Sometimes, however, the distinct and sharper ă is intentionally retained in, especially if the following consonant is strengthened, e.g. , or ought to be strengthened, e.g.  ,  , &c.; but also in other cases as  , because from , cf. below, q; ;   (so Baer, but Ginsb., ed. Mant. ); and regularly in the numeral , , &c. In the accentuation of the three poetical books the use of  with  is due to the inferior pausal force of, especially after ʿÔlè weyored ; cf. ,, and Qimḥi, , ed. Rittenberg, p. 5b, line 4 from below. Compare the list of instances of pausal ă and è in the appendices to Baer’s editions.

(b) When a full vowel in a tone-bearing final syllable has lost the tone before an afformative, and has become, it is restored in as tone-vowel, and, if short, is lengthened, e.g. ,   (qāṭelā), in  ;  (šĭmeʿû), in   (from sing. ); , ; ,  (sing. ). The fuller endings of the Imperfect  and  ( and ) alone retain the tone even when the original vowel is restored. In segholate forms, like, (ground-form , ), the original ă returns, though under the form of a tone-bearing , thus , ; original ĭ becomes ē, e.g. , in  ; original ŏ (ŭ) becomes ō,  (ground-form ḥuly), in   ( 93 x, y, z).

On the analogy of such forms as, &c., the shortened Imperfects and  become in  , , because in the full forms , and , the ĭ is attenuated from an original ă. Similarly, in  (ground-form šakhm), and the pron. , in  ; cf. also the restoration of the original ă as è before the suffix, e.g. , in ; , in  ; but after the prepositions , ,  the suffix  in  becomes , e.g. , ,.

(c) This tendency to draw back the tone in to the penultima appears also in such cases as, in  ; , in   (but in the three poetically accented books also , since in those books , especially after ʿÔlè weyôrēd, has only the force of a ; hence also   instead of ) ; , ; and in other sporadic instances, like   for ; but in