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 or trust land, it cannot cross a State line, and its boundaries must follow census block boundaries.

The Census Bureau also worked to improve the delineation of geographic entities with concentrations of Alaska Native populations. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), another agency in the U.S. Department of the Interior, is the Federal agency responsible for information regarding the boundaries for areas resulting from the ANCSA of 1972; these include the ANRCs and the Alaska Native village corporations known as Alaska Native villages (ANVs). Because the ANRCs were established to conduct both the business and nonprofit affairs of Alaska Natives, the corporations divided their functions into two corporate entities: the business or profit corporation, and the nonprofit organization, whose purpose was to conduct the sociocultural functions of the corporation. The ANRCs requested that the Census Bureau work directly with the nonprofit corporations for all 1990 census geographic programs.

Using a BLM source map, the Census Bureau plotted the ANRC boundaries onto a set of the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) 1:250,000-scale maps, which it then used to improve and correct the 1980 ANRC boundaries in the TIGER data base. (In unpopulated areas, the ANRC boundaries had been generalized during 1980 census mapping operations.) To verify the accuracy of the ANRC boundaries in the TIGER data base, the Census Bureau implemented a review process similar to the second phase of the Tribal Review Program.

Alaska Native villages often include thousands of acres of land used by Alaska Natives for hunting and fishing. The Census Bureau worked with ANRC officials to delineate areas of concentrated settlement (where people lived most of the year) for purposes of data tabulation and presentation. The boundaries had to follow physical features or nonvisible boundaries of other governmental or administrative entities. Because these boundaries usually do not represent the legal limits of the ANV American Indian and Alaska Native Areas5-13