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 Chapter 5

The Bureau of the Census tabulates and publishes population and housing census data for several geographic entities that cover areas of American Indian and Alaska Native settlement, collectively termed American Indian and Alaska Native areas (AIANAs). The major types of AIANAs are American Indian reservations and trust lands, tribal jurisdiction statistical areas (TJSAs), Alaska Native Regional Corporations (ANRCs), Alaska Native village statistical areas (ANVSAs), and tribal designated statistical areas (TDSAs). lists the number and kind of AIANAs in each of the 36 States that include such entities.

American Indian reservations are areas with boundaries established by treaty, statute, and/or executive or court order. The reservations and their boundaries are identified for the Census Bureau by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), an agency in the U.S. Department of the Interior, or by State governments. Federal reservations may cross State boundaries; both Federal and State reservations may cross the boundaries of counties, county subdivisions, and places. Where lands are claimed by two tribes or are administered jointly, the Census Bureau identifies them as separate geographic entities called joint use areas; it treats joint use areas as distinct entities for data tabulation and presentation. The Census Bureau first began to report data systematically for American Indian reservations in conjunction with the 1970 census. For the 1990 census, the Census Bureau tabulated and published data for 310 reservations.

Trust lands are real property, held in trust by the Federal Government, that is associated with a specific American Indian reservation or tribe, or, in some cases, individual American Indians. Land held in trust for a tribe is referred to as tribal trust land, and land held in trust for an individual member of a tribe is called individual trust land. Trust lands may be located within a reservation or outside of a reservation; however, the Notes and References American Indian and Alaska Native Areas5-1