Page:General History of Europe 1921.djvu/911

 Index xxi Clemenceau, 652 Clement VII, Pope, 323 Cleopatra, 149, 152 Clergy, 179; position of, in Middle Ages, 217 f., 222 ff., 229 f. ; in the eighteenth century, 407 ; privileges of, 421 f. ; Civil Constitution of the, 437 ; " nonjuring," 438, 440, 457 Clermont, Council of, 238 Cleves and Berg, duke of, 461 Clis'the nes, 68 Clive, Robert, 394 Clovis, 1 88, 266 Cnossus (nos'us), 50, 53 Code Napoleon, 458 Coinage, in Medo-Persian Empire, 40 ; in Greece, 64 ; in Rome, 1 20, 287 Coligny, 335 f. Cologne, 257 Colombia, 485 Co Ion t, 171 f. Colonial expansion. See Imperialism Colonies, European, 389 f., 395, 400, 484 Colosseum, 165 Columbus, 298, 303 Commercial cities of Middle Ages, 254 f. Commercial expansion, 389 ff. Committee of Public Safety, 444 Commodus, 174 Commons, House of, 281 f.; Whigs in, 415 f. Commonwealth of England, 357 Commune of Paris, 442, 527 Communism, 635, 663 Compurgation, trial by, 189 Concordat of 1801, 457, 529 Congo, French, 581 ; Belgian, 581 f. Conrad III, 241 Constance, 456 Constantine, 177 Constantinople, 177, 207, 242, 273; captured by Turks, 386 ; Russian claims to, 553 ; in Balkan wars, 608 f.; in the World War, 661 Constitutions: French, 414, 433, 438, 440, 442, 448, 453, 479, 528 ; English, 416, 531 ff.; Belgian, 484; Spanish, 484 ; Bohemian, 502 ; Hungarian, 502 ; Italian, 503, 505 ; German, 505,663; Japanese, 576; Turkish, 607 Continental Congresses, 399 Contraband of war, 623 Conventicles, 354 Convention, French constitutional, 442, 444 ff. Copernicus, 168, 347, 591 Copyists, medieval, 275 Corn laws, 536 Cornwallis, General, 400 Corsica, 131 Cortes, 299, 303 Cosimo, 275 Cossacks, 552 n. Cotton gin, 490 Coucy, 210 Council of Five Hundred, 448 Council of Ten, 291 Council of Trent, 328 Coup d'etat, of Bonaparte, 453 ; of Louis Napoleon, 501 Courland, 620, 638 Courts, feudal, 213; Church, 223 ; Eng- lish, 232. See Curia, Inquisition, Parlements Cressy, 283 Cretan art and architecture, 50 ff. Crete, controlled by Egypt, 49 f. ; ceded to Greece, 609 Crimean War, 555 f. Croatia, 515, 636 Croats, 387, 609 Crresus, 38 Cromwell, Oliver, 356 ff. Crusades, 237 ; results of, 242 f. Ctesiphon, 175, 193 Cuba, 400, 585, 632 Curia, papal, 224 Custozza, 503 Cynoscephalae, 137 Cyrus, 37, 44 Czechoslovakia, republic of, 648 Czechs, 387, 503, 610, 646, 660 Dacia, 1 58 f. Dalton's theory, 592 Damascus, 647 Danish language, 265 D'Annunzio, 661 Danton, 446 Danzig, 257 Dardanelles, the, 553, 661 ; in the Vorld War, 622 Darius the Great, 39, 70, 72 Darius III, 103 Darnley, Lord, 340 Darwin, 591 David, 41 f.