Page:General History of Europe 1921.djvu/908

 XV111 General History of Europe Antioch (an'ti ok), 106, 239, 240 Antiochus (an tl'o kus) the Great, 137 Antiseptics, 595 Antitoxins, 596 An' to ny, 151 f. Ant'werp, 405 A pol'lo, 67 A pol lo do'rus, 95 A qui'nas, Thomas, 198, 247, 272 Ar'a bic numerals, 243 n., 274 Ar'abs, 25, 191 ; conquests of, 193, 237 ; civilization of, 193, 243 ; in Spain, 193 f., 302 Aragon, 302 f. Ar be'la, 104 Arbitration, Hague Court of, 602 Arbitration treaties, 603, 639 Archimedes (ar ki me'dez), 109 Architecture, earliest, in stone, 45 ; medieval, 210, 230, 243; Gothic, 260 Argentina, 588 Ar gonne' Forest, 646 Ar'gos, 52, 66, 74 Aristarchus (ar is tar'kus), no Ar is toph'a nes, 95 Aristotle, 99, 102, 112, 347; medie- val veneration for, 269, 271 f. ; Luther's attitude toward, 310, 312, 411 Arkwright, Richard, 489 Ar ma'da, 334, 342 Armenia, independence of, 661 Armies and navies of Europe in 1914, 552 n., 600 ff. See Militarism Armistice terms (1918), 649 f. Arras (arras'), 625, 641, 643 Art in the Stone Age, 4 f. See Greek art and architecture, Roman __ art and architecture, Renaissance Ar te mis'ium, 73 Arthur, King, 266 Artois (ar twa'), count of, 438, 479 Aryans (ar'yanz), 36 Asia, Western, 24 ff. Assignats (a se nya'), 437 n. Assur (as'or), 29 Assyrian civilization, 29 f. Assyrian Empire, 29 ff.; conquest of Israel by, 44 Astrology, 35, 269 Astronomy, 35, 66, no, 194 A the'na, 84 Athenian Empire, rise of, 76 ; in the age of Pericles, 78 ff'. ; fall of, 86 ff. Athens, 66, 68, 76, 93 ; and Sparta, _ 68, 75 ff. A'thos (or Ath'os), Mount, 70 Atomic theory, 592 At'ti ca, 7 1 At'ti la, 183 Augsburg, diet at, 316; confession of, 317; Peace of, 317; bishopric of, 456 Augustus^ 151, 153, 157 Au re'li us, Marcus, 170, 173 Au'rung zeb', 392 Austerlitz, 460 Australia, 390, 401, 544 f. ; Common- wealth of, 545 ; South and West, 545 ; in the World War, 622, 638 " Australian ballot," 546 Austrasia, 188 Austria, imperial house of, 305 f. ; ac- quires Spanish possessions in Italy and Netherlands, 372 ; loses Silesia, 380 ; acquires part of Poland, 384 f.; allied with Prussia against France, 441 ; in Napoleonic Period, 443 f., 451, 454 f., 460, 466 ff., 471 f. ; rela- tions of, with Italy after 1815, 476, 502 ff., 508 f., 511; ascendancy of (1815-1848), 478, 502 ff.; defeated by Prussia, 512 ff. ; in a dual mon- archy, 515; annexes two Slavic provinces, 607 ; rivalry with Serbia, 610; archduke of, murdered, 612; 'ultimatum of, 613; in the World War, 613, 620, 622, 627, 636; col-, lapse of, 648; republic of, 655. See Austria-Hungary, Hapsburgs, Netherlands, Serbia, World War Austria-Hungary, 504, 515, 609 f. ; in the World War, 615, 620, 622, 627, 636, 648, 650 ; disintegration of, 655. See Austria Austrian Succession, War of the, 380 Autocracy, 511, 552, 640 Avignon (av en yon'), 226, 294 Aztec empire, 299 Baal, 42 Ba'ber, 392 Babylon, 33 f., 38, 104, 193 Babylonia, writing in, 24 f. ; civiliza- tion of, 28 Babylonian captivity, of Jews, 34, 44; of popes, 226 Bacon, Francis, 338, 349, 352 Bacon, Roger, 198, 273 f.