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 The Kingdom of Italy and the German Empire 509 ceded Lombardy to Victor Emmanuel and permitted him to an- nex the little duchies of Parma and Mo- dena. It was also ar- ranged that France should be rewarded for its trouble by receiv- ing Savoy and Nice, which were racially French rather than Italian. 908. Formation of a Kingdom of Italy (iseo). Napoleon III had, however, precip- itated changes which he was powerless to check. Italy was now ready to fuse into a single state. Tuscany, as well as Modena and Parma, voted (March, 1860) to unite with Piedmont. Giuseppe Garibaldi, a famous republican leader, sailed for Sic- ily, where he assumed the dictatorship of the GARIBALDI Garibaldi shares with Victor Emmanuel the na- tional enthusiasm of Italy, and his monument, one of the finest in Rome, looks proudly over the Eternal City from a high hill. He was a republican, a convert of Mazzini, and had lived a restless life, having fought in South America and lived for a time in New York (where his house is preserved as a memorial). At the head of his "legion" of volunteers, clad in their gay red blouses, he was a most picturesque figure, and his rapid success in the south lent an element of romance to the unification of Italy island in the name of Victor Emmanuel, "King of Italy." After expelling the troops of the king of Naples from Sicily, he crossed to the mainland, and early in September he entered Naples itself, just as the king fled from his capital.