Page:Gazetteer of the province of Oudh ... (IA cu31924073057352).pdf/202

 194 RAE af Soiz sand may have been encountered, thus rendering the sinking of the brick- work a difficult and, in many cases, a dangerous operation, necessitating great precautions and of course additional expense. In one of my villages, Jahowa Sherki, in a well under construction, the girgaz had been lowered to a considerable depth, when suddenly it sank into quicksand, and was thrown so much out of the perpendicular that it was damaged beyond remedy, and the work could not be continued. Again, in another village, Umri, a large well was being constructed, the girgaz had nearly reached the spring when its further progress was arrested by the niwár resting on one side on a projection of kankar rock. Fortunately in this case the brick cylinder remained in a vertical position, but it was with the utmost difficulty that this obstacle was removed, and the work brought to a successful termination, but of course under great additional cost. "In some cases it happens when sand prevails to a great extent, that before the spring is reached, and consequently before the brick Level cylind has been completed to the surface of the upper soil, that the earth above the cylinder shows large cracks, indicating a tendency to fall inwards; to avert thiş danger, all attempts to sink the girgaz down to the spring are abandoned, and the brick- work to the upper level of the ground is completed with all despatch. This dove, a second niwár' is laid down, smaller of course than the one first em- ployed, and on it another girgaz is erected and sunk, as before explained, to the spring ; such a well is styled a do-band' or double-walled one. Here the cost is nearly double to what it would have been had there been only a single cylinder, whilst at the same time the capacity of the well for yielding water in a given time is lessened from the fact of its diameter being Spring decreased through a great por- tion of its depth, for of course fewer purs can be employed. " Besides the above there are other though minor circumstances which affect the cost of wells. For instance, the mud suitable for making bricks may be at a greater or less distance from the site of the well, necessitating a greater or less amount of cost in the transit of the bricks; the same may be said of the wood for feeding the brick-kiln; it may be obtainable at a