Page:Gazetteer of the province of Oudh ... (IA cu31924073057345).pdf/43

 HAR 35 an. Kalwar Baqqal Lodd Phát • Mali £uropean Native Christian Mixed ownership Government 2 9 3 45 423 Total 1,961 16 Distribution of property in Albar's time 1590 A.D.-The following list of the proprietors, as given in the Aín-i-Akbari, may be of interest. The district was then divided between the two Sarkars of Khairabad and Lucknow:- Khairabad Sarkar. Name of pargana. Proprietors. Páli. Bawan. Sándi, Sara. Gopaman. Bilgrádi. Sandíla Kachhandar. Gundwa. Malláuwán. . Hardoi. Piháni. Asas or Ahírs. Ditto. Som bansis. Cbauháps. Rajputs, Kuuwar in other MSS. Bisen-Kunwar. Lucknow Şarkás. Sayyads. Bais. Gahlot, Bachhil in other Mss, Chandel. Chandels. Brahmans. Baig, Brahmany, now Gaur Chhattris. Rajputs. Twelve parganas have now, it appears, been split up into twenty-two. Allowing for errors in the manuscri the stability of property among Hindus is very remarkable. The parganas of Gopamau, Sándi, Bilgrám, Kachhandan are held now, as they were held in Akbar's time, by the same Chhattri clans. The Chavháns, Bais, and Bachbils have apparently lost ground, also the Brahmans, while the Gaurs, Raikwárs, Nikumbhs, who are really Kachhwáhas, have established themselves since Akbar's time. On the whole the Rajputs have held their ground, one tribe giving place to another. The change which has been mainly effected is the aggrandize- ment of the Musalmans and the decline of the Brahmans. Musalmang now hold great part of Sandíla and Piháni and Shahabad ; they are only mentioned in Akbar's time as the part owners of Bilgrám. The Kunwars who are recorded as owners of Gopamau are the Ahbans, still the largest proprietors. The word is either a clerical error for Cháwars, the original name of the Abbans, or it is applied to them as a younger branch. It is only in Hardoi that Brahman zamindars still have any considerable num- ber of villages; in other districts which boast a considerable Brahman own- ership the proprietors are all taluqdars. The larger proprietors in the district are mentioned in the following table: