Page:Gazetteer of the province of Oudh ... (IA cu31924073057345).pdf/365

 LUC 357 the Lucknow and Fyzabad road; Chinhat, at a distance of eight miles from the city on the road to Fyzabad, where a large bazár is held, and near which is one of the encamping grounds for the troops ; Muhibullapur, about four miles from Lucknow on the right of the road to Sitapur, a place of quondam importance, which it owed to the old cantoment of Mariáon, where the troops were stationed previous to the outbreak of 1857; and Tháwar, to the north of the pargana on the right bank of the Gumti . There are also 16 other towns with a population of more than one thousand but less than two thousand. They are Umráe, Bhadruk, Baráwan Kalán, Pára, Takroi, Jihta, Sarsawa, Dibaria, Alamnagar, Kánkrabad, Kanausi, Gahla Goprámau, Muhamdinagar, Harchandpur, Kanaura, and Ismáilganj, and the villages throughout are closely packed. They are 180 in all, and average 540 acres each. Government schools are established in Ujariáon, Juggaur, Chinhat, Kánkrabad, Rahimnagar, and Máhnagar, and others in the city of Luck- now itself. The capital communicates with every part of the province. There are metalled roads to Sitapur, which from there communicates with Shahja- "hánpur to Fyzabad, which at Bara Banki sends out a branch to Bahram- ghat on the Gogra, and to Cawnpore. The great stream of traffic passes sonth from Bahramghat and Fyzabad through Lucknow to Cawnpore. The road from the former place taps the Trans-Gogra districts, which export large quantities of grain and timber, and conveys in turn raw cotton and iron and manufactured goods, Agricultural produce is rarely seen advancing northwards to Lucknow, as may be judged from the fact that the market of Saádatganj, the most southerly of the three great markets of Lucknow city, where grain from Malihabad and Bijnaur and the country to the south used to set down, has almost ceased to exist. The different lines of railway have given a great impetus to trade. These lines which take the same directions as the roads branch out to Bahramgbat, Fyzabad, Cawnpore, and Shahjahanpur, by way of Hardoi. The traffic itself pouring into Lucknow is very considerable. Goods for the year 1869-70 were taxed to the amount of seventy-three and three quarter lakhs of rupees. The chief interest of the pargana centres in the city Lucknow, the seat of Government and capital of the province. It covers an area of thirty-six square miles. Its population has been given, and by it, it stands fourth amongst Indian capitals. Its greatness as a city dates only from the time of Asif-ud-daula, 4th Nawab of Oudh, who commenced his rule in A.D. 1798. It was probably at an early period one of the most important places in Oudh, and the chief seat of Government after the time of the emperor Akbar. It is described in the Aín-i-Akbari as “ a large city, pleasantly situated upon the banks of the Gumti , and the suburbs of which are very delightful (Gladwin's translation).' The greater part of the city is situated on the right bank of this river; it has in recent times been extended to the left or north side. But its history under its old Shekh rulers, and its rise 47