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BIH

303

Rawatpur, KidarKhera, Machakpur,NamaKbera, Bajora, Sarganpur, and Jamirpur flows eastward to the pargana of Khiron; and the other the Kharhi commences its course from a tank in pargana BUagwantnagar, and flowing through the villages Kiratpur, Kaliani, Machakpur, and Nama Khera, joins the Lon. The soil is of three kinds, half of it is loam, and about one-fourth each clay and sand. It is principally irrigated by wells, water being found on an average at the depth of 30 feet, and the proportion of irrigated to unirrigated is as 3 to 1. The climate is in general salubrious. There are two market places in this pargana, one Durgaganj and the other Radhaganj. Durgaganj is in a dilapidated state, as the market has not been held there since the reoccupation by the British of this province. Eadhaganj was built by Shiiidin Singh taluqdar in 1242 Fasli (A. D. 1846) in honour of the famous Eadha, the fair companion of Srikrishn. There is also a temple in honour of Radha erected by the same taluqdar. This market is held on Saturday and Wednesday. There are some resident shop-keepers here. There is one fair in honour of Biddia Dhar, a Hindu darwesh who died in the village of Bakra Khurd. Arjun Singh, the taluqdar, was a professor of this Darwesh's faith, and having buried his pestle and mortar (klindi) (used for grinding bhang) in the town of Bih^r, raised a platform over the place in honour and remembrance of him.

The fair takes place in the month of Pus ( December and January ) about 14,000 persons assemble. Sales are effected of the ordinary articles, such as cloth, brass,, copper, iron utensils, gur, (molasses ). In some villages kankar

is

found, which

is

used in constructing and

repairing the roads.

In the time of the kings, salt was manufactured in eight villages, about 48,842 maunds to the value of Rs. 18,618, and saltpetre was also manufactured in the village of Kaliani. The out-turn was 1,634 maunds, and the value Rs. 3,268 per annum, but neither is worked now.

A road from Rae Bareli to XJnao passes through the pargana, also through the parganas Patan and Magrayar of Unao, and thence direct on to Cawnpore. Another road leads from Bihar to Lalganj and Dalmau and a third leads from the village Jhangi of this pargana to Fatehpur, through the parganas Daundia Khera and Bhagwantnagar vid Baksar Ghat. There is also a fourth road leading through pargana Panhan from Bihar Khds There is a masonry tank in Bihar to Mauranwan of the Unao district. Khas built by the late tahsildar Ikramulla in 1862 the cost of its erection was defrayed by a subscription collected from the taluqdars. The tank There is also a mud built sarae near the old is called after Ikramulla. There is one vernacular school in Bihar Khas, in which tahsil buildings. 25 or 30 boys are taught. There are no buildings of note here.



BIHAR Pargana— Tahsil

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—

Bihar District Paetabgaeh. This pargana. north of the Ganges at the extreme southern extremity of Oudh ; ib district it is one of the most is bounded on the east by the Allahabad is celebrated for its magnificent and Oudh, districts of fertile and beautiful groves, mostly of maEua trees, for the numerous lakes and jhils, including lies