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 CHAPTER X.

EDUCATION. Census Statistics (page 153)— By taluks — By religions. Educational Institutions — Early beginnings — Schools now existing (154) — The Government college, Rajahmundry — The Government training college, Rajahraundry (156) — The Pithapuram Raja's College (157) ... 153-159

CHAPTER XI.

LAND REVENUE ADMINISTRATION.

Early History (page 160) -The zamindars — Their administration (i6i)— The havili land — Committee of Circuit, 1785-87 (162) — Settlement with the zamindars in 1879 (163)— Abolition °f ^^^ Chiefs and Councils, 1794 — Collectors of the ;^c^;^7^ land. The Permanent Settlement, 1802-03 (164) — Its failure (165) — Its effect on the ryots (166)— Special Commis- sioner appointed, 1S43 (167). Ryotwari Settlements — Before 1865 — Settlement of 1865-66 (169) — Its scope (170) — Grouping of villages — Classification of soils— Standard crops, grain outturns, commutation prices — Cultivation expenses and money rates (171) — Financial results — Water- rate in the delta (172) — The existing settlement ; its scope — Reclassifica- tion of delta soils — Water-rate problems (173) — Settlement of wild tracts (174) —Financial results — Bhadrachalam taluk — Proprietary rights (175) — Fixing of the peshkash — Settlement of 1890 in Bhadrachalam (176) — Agency tracts and rented villages (177). District and Divisional Limits (178). Village Establishments— Re-organized in 1866 — Revised in 18S5 (179). INAMS (180) 160-180

CHAPTER XII.

SALT, ABKARI AND MISCELLANEOUS REVENUE.

Salt (page 181) — The systems of administration — Methods of manufacture (182) — Markets — Salt for Vanam — Fish-curing yards (183) — Contraband salt-earth.- Abkaki and Opium — Arrack— Arrack in the Agency (184) — Toddy (185)— Toddy in the Agency — Foreign liquor — Opium and hemp- drugs— In the Agency (186). Customs — Land-customs — Sea-customs (187). Income-tax. Stamps 181-187

CHAPTER XIII.

ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE.

Early Methods (page 188) — Under native rule — Under the Chiefs and Councils. The Present System (189) — In the plains— In the Agency. Civil Justice (191)— Existing Courts — Amount of litigation — Registration. Criminal Justice — The various Courts — Crime (192) — The Vanadis or Nakkalas — Other criminal classes (193). Police (194) — Former systems— The existing force. Jails (195) ... ••• •■• ... 188-195