Page:Foods and their adulteration; origin, manufacture, and composition of food products; description of common adulterations, food standards, and national food laws and regulations (IA foodstheiradulte02wile).pdf/197

 COMPARATIVE PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION OF OYSTERS BEFORE AND AFTER "FLOATING."

-+-+                                              |          |                                                  |              |                                                      |                   |          -++++-                       |   As taken   |   As taken   |   As taken   |   As taken | from beds. | from floats. | from beds. | from floats. ++++-                                              |    No. 82. |   No. 83. |   No. 85. |   No. 84. -++++- In whole specimen:                            |              |              |              | Shell contents:                               |   Percent.   |   Percent.   |   Percent.   |   Percent. Flesh                                         |      9.49    |     11.41    |      8.35    |     10.18 Liquids                                       |      5.51    |      5.76    |      7.78    |      6.48 ++++- Total shell contents                          |     15.00    |     17.17    |     16.13    |     16.66 +==============+==============+==============+============= Refuse:                                       |              |              |              | Shells                                        |     84.36    |     82.35    |     83.25    |     82.97 Loss in preparation for analysis              |      0.64    |      0.48    |      0.62    |      0.37 ++++- Total refuse                                  |     85.00    |     82.83    |     83.87    |     83.34 +==============+==============+==============+============= Total constituents, shell contents, and refuse |   100.00    |    100.00    |    100.00    |    100.00 +==============+==============+==============+============= In flesh (body):                              |              |              |              | Water                                         |     77.99    |     82.77    |     77.90    |     82.06 Water-free substance                          |     22.01    |     17.23    |     22.10    |     17.94 ++++- Total flesh                                   |    100.00    |    100.00    |    100.00    |    100.00 +==============+==============+==============+============= In water-free substance:                      |              |              |              | Nitrogen                                      |      1.70    |     1.40     |      1.65    |     1.45 Protein (nitrogen × 6.25)                     |     10.63    |     8.79     |     10.31    |     9.09 Fat (ether extract)                           |      2.61    |     1.91     |      2.33    |     1.93 Ash                                           |      2.21    |     1.55     |      2.17    |     1.58 Carbohydrates, etc. (by difference)           |      6.56    |     4.98     |      7.29    |     5.34 ++++- Total water-free substance                    |     22.01    |    17.23     |     22.10    |    17.94 +==============+==============+==============+============= In liquids:                                   |              |              |              | Water                                         |     94.74    |    95.22     |     94.99    |    95.69 Water-free substance                          |      5.26    |     4.78     |      5.01    |     4.31 ++++- Total liquids                                 |    100.00    |   100.00     |    100.00    |   100.00 +==============+==============+==============+============= In water-free substance:                      |              |              |              | Nitrogen                                      |      0.31    |     0.34     |      0.29    |     0.33 Protein (nitrogen × 6.25)                     |      1.95    |     2.09     |      1.81    |     2.05 Fat (ether extract)                           |      0.04    |     0.13     |      0.02    |     0.01 Ash                                           |      2.54    |     1.42     |      2.47    |     1.19 Carbohydrates, etc. (by difference)           |      0.73    |     1.14     |      0.71    |     1.06 ++++- Total water-free substance                    |      5.26    |     4.78     |      5.01    |     4.31 +==============+==============+==============+============= In total shell contents, flesh, and liquids:  |              |              |              | Water                                         |     84.15    |    86.95     |     86.14    |    87.36 Water-free substance                          |     15.85    |    13.05     |     13.86    |    12.64 ++++- Total shell contents                          |    100.00    |   100.00     |    100.00    |   100.00 +==============+==============+==============+============= In water-free substance:                      |              |              |              | Nitrogen                                      |      1.19    |     1.05     |      0.99    |     1.02 Protein (nitrogen × 6.25)                     |      7.44    |     6.54     |      6.20    |     6.37 Fat (ether extract)                           |      1.66    |     1.31     |      1.21    |     1.18 Ash                                           |      2.32    |     1.50     |      2.32    |     1.43 Carbohydrates, etc. (by difference)           |      4.43    |     3.70     |      4.13    |     3.66 ++++- Total water-free substance                    |     15.85    |    13.05     |     13.86    |    12.64 +==============+==============+==============+============= In whole specimen:                            |              |              |              | Shell contents:                               |              |              |              | Water                                         |     12.62    |    14.93     |     13.89    |    14.55 Water-free substance                          |      2.38    |     2.24     |      2.24    |     2.11 ++++- Total shell contents                          |     15.00    |    17.17     |     16.13    |    16.66 Refuse                                        |     85.00    |    82.83     |     83.87    |    83.34 ++++- Total shell contents and refuse               |    100.00    |   100.00     |    100.00    |   100.00 +==============+==============+==============+=============