Page:Folk-lore - A Quarterly Review. Volume 24, 1913.djvu/183

 The Oi'igin of Exogamy and Tot cm ism. iGj

own opinion. To us they are something else ("they" are not " we"), and we are something^ else to them ; n'e are not t/uy ; we all need differentiation, and we and they, by giving names to outsiders, differentiate each other. The names arose from a primitive necessity felt in everyday life. Through taunts bandied between groups, and through women stolen by group from group, the names would become generally known.

That such sobriquets, given from without, may come to be accepted, and even gloried in, has been doubted, but we see the fact demonstrated in such modern cases as "the sect called Christians " (so called from without), and in Les Giieiix, Huguenots, Whigs, Tories, Cavaliers, Cameronians {that nick-JiaJHe" cries Patrick Walker (1720), "why do they not all call them ' Cargillites' .•* if they will give them a nick-name.'").^ I later prove that two ancient and famous Highland clans have, from time immemorial, borne clan names which are derisive nicknames. Several examples of party or local nicknames, given, accepted, and rejoiced in, have been sent to me from North Carolina.

Another example, much to the point, may be oft'ered. The " nations," that is, aggregates of friendly tribes, in Australia, let us say the Kamilaroi, are usually known by names derived from their word for " No," such as Kamil (Kamilaroi), Wira (Wirajuri), WongJii {^ow^\ \.nh€), Kabi (Kabi tribe). Can any one suppose that these names were given from within .■* Clearlj' they were given from without and accepted from within. One of the Wonghi or of the Wirajuri or Kamilaroi tribe is " proud of the title." Messrs. Spencer and Gillen write, " It is possible that the names of the tribes were originally applied to them by outsiders and were subsequently adopted by the members of the tribes themselves, but the evidence is scanty and inconclusive."-*^ There can hardly be any evidence but what we know of

"^^ Six Saints of the Coz'enaiit (1901), vol. i., p. 241.

^ The Nart hern Tnbes o/ Central Australia, p. II (note),