Page:Folk-lore - A Quarterly Review. Volume 11, 1900.djvu/273

 Animal Superstitions and Toteinisni. 261

warrant us in connecting the practice with agricultural customs.^

The customs dealt with in this division have been, so far as their distribution is a criterion, of the type I term " clan " ; locality has, however, frequently replaced kinship. I now turn to evidence which seems to point to " tribal " sacrifice of the same archaic type.

Games of Sacrifice,

The primitive sacrifice dealt with in the last division has survived in more than one other form. Time will not per- mit me to deal with more than one of these, and that very briefly, merely indicating the conclusions to which I have come.

The most important example is the game of blind man's buff, which corresponds in form to the Hahnenschlag.

The game is known nearly all over Europe by names derived from animals, as the following list will show : Blind cow : N. and C. Germany.

mouse: Faroe Isles, part of Denmark, S. Germany

Illyria, Servia, Croatia.

he-goat : part of Denmark, Pomerania, Finland,

Esthonia, England, Scandinavia.

she-goat : Portugal.

■ hen : Spain, Wales.

cat : part of Italy, Bavaria.

fly : part of Italy.

owl : Altmark.

wolf : Samland.-

' Animal cakes are found in the following forms : bear, boar, cock, cockchafer, deer, dog, goat, hare, horse, lark, pig, rat, sheep, snail, wolf. Clay donkeys were sold at Erfurt fair. The " Brauthahn " and Easter lamb are similarly made in butter (Fromm, pp. io8, 123 ; Bavaria ii., 2, 381).

- Handelmann, pp. 33,69-73, 109-111; Grimm, Wiirterbiuh, s. v. Blind; Archivio pe7- la Trad., viii., 431 ; Biblioteca delle Tradizioni pop., xiii., 193; Gomme, Trad. Games; Kor. blatt. fitr u. d. Spr. forschtmg, vii.,90; Zinde, Slownik Jesyka Pohkiego ; MS. notes. In the French name, Colin seems to be a form of Nicolas (Desrousseaux. Moeitrs, i., 289).