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 18 FEDSBAL BEPOBTEfi �complainants, therefore, does not apply. The following ruie does apply: "Where the law has confided to a special tribunal the author- ity to hear and determine certain matters, the decision of that tribu- nal, within the scope of its authority, is binding upon all parties." Johnson v. Towsley, 13 Wall. 83; Lytle v. Arkansas, 9 How. 333; Boatner v. Ventress, 8 Martin, N. S. (La.) 330. I am clearly of the opinion that the proceedings before the commission were in their nature judicial; that its jurisdiotion, though limited and special, was plenary -with respect to the particular matters specified in the act; aud that its decisions upon those matters is an adjudication which cannot be attacked in the present proceedings. This conclusion disposes of the demurrer, indopendently of the question whether the commission erred in its decision upon questions of law. I am, how- ever, of the opinion that the statute authorizes the finding, Demurrer susta'ned. ���Kennedy v. Habteanft, Collecter. (Circuit Court, E. D. Pennsylvania. October 18, 1881.) �1. Tabifp Laws — Classification of AETiciiES — Burden of Pkoop. �Where a collector classifies an article under a diJIerent name from the desig- nation of it on the inVoice, the burden is upon the government to show that his classification is proper. �2. Samb — Interpeetation of Wobds— Teade Tbrms. �Where terms emplored in the tarifl laws have a special restricted meanmg, according to the general usage of the trade to which the articles appertain, it is to be presumed that cougress used them in such restricted sense ; but the fact that they have such restricted meaning must be clearly established, otherwise they are to be interpreted according to their common, popular signification. �3. Samb— Hoop Iros— Act of Juira 30, 1864. �The words " all hoop iron," as used in the act of June 30, 1864, subsequently incorpora ted in section 2504, Rev. St., includes not only hoop iron in strips of from 30 to 60 feet in length as it cornes from the rolls, in which form it is usu- ally bought and sold, but also all lengths of hoop iron not chaaged by manufac- ture into a new and distinct article. �4. Saiib— Manufacture of Ieon. �If, however, hoop iron has been subjected to such mechanical treatment as to couvert it into an article titted fora special use, without any further mechan- ical treatment, and unfltted for the general purposes to which hoop iron is adapted, such article is a manufacture of iron, dutiable as such, and not as hoop iron. �5. Samb— CoTTON Ties. �The above principles applied to an importation of cotton ties con'iiating of bands of iron 11 feet long, painted and accompanied by buckles, the bands being put up in bundles of 30, with 30 bucklei strung upon one band. ��� �