Page:Federal Reporter, 1st Series, Volume 7.djvu/602

 590 FEBSBAL BEFOBTBK. �tain to follow such arrangement, that the arrangement is made. The arrangement is none the less an invention be- cause it brings into operation the laws of nature. �It is true that claim 5 speaks of heating the paper from the opposite side, to epread and fuse the wax into the fabric of the paper; and that, in the plaintiff's patent, the unwaxed surface of the paper is next to the heated cylinder, b, while in the defendant's apparatus the waxed surface is next to the heated plate. But the plaintiff's specification shows, and the fact is plain, that the objeot of the maintaining of the heat is to maintain it at the unwaxed surface of the paper, so as to di'aw the wax from the waxed surface through the body to the unwaxed surfece, by reason of its melted con- dition and of the absorbing character of the paper. This is expressed in olaim 8, where it is said, that, after the heated wax is applied to one surface of the paper, the paper is heated at the other surface, to draw the wax into the paper. That is the operation, and the defendant's machine performs it by substantially the same meaus, although in that machine the waxed surface of the paper is placed next the heated plate, because the arrangement of plate, paper, weighted bars, and brush is such as to heat the paper at its unwaxed surface, and thns keep the wax melted and secure its incor- poration and diffusion in the same way and to the same extent secured by the plaintiff. Claim 6 is for a process, not for machinery. It is a olaim to an art, oonsisting of suc- cessive steps, which resuit in waxing the paper. The steps specifled in claim 6 are four in namber. AU those four steps are practiced by the defendant in substantially the same way and the same order as by the plaintiff. The raw paper is moved over and in contact with a steam-heated cylinder which aets to spread the wax on the surface of the paper. This is step one of the plaintiff. In the passage of the paper Qver the plate and under the bars, J, J, the action is such as to beat the unwaxed surface of the paper where it is closely pressed by the bars at the place of contact between the bars and such unwiaxed surface, and keep the wax melted and thu9 draw and spread and fuse it into the fabric of the paper ��� �