Page:Federal Reporter, 1st Series, Volume 7.djvu/601

 HAMMBBSCHLAt} V. SOAUONI. ' 689' �thereby fuse the wax into the fabrio of the paper; that there is nothing to depress the web of paper below the level of the edge of the groove, h, while it is passing over that edge, and so make a scraping action to remove the surplua wax; that the wax is maintained in a melted state through- out, and so is not remelted ; and that the ironing is produced by the friction of the waxed surface against the plate. �It is admitted by the defendant, that, while the paper is passing across the heated plate, F, its previously waxed sur- face is maintained in close contact with the surface of the plate by the action of the weighted bars, J, J, coated with felt, and of the brush. It is plain that the paper, whilo passing over the waxing cylinder, not only recoives wax, but absorbs a given quantity of it. The wax may even appear on the opposite surface of the paper while the paper is still in contact with the cylinder. But it is impossible to believe that the subsequent use of the heated plate, the weighted bars, the brush, the groove in the plate, and the heated steam- pipe, is not because thereby the wax is thorotighly incorpo- rated into and difiused throughout the body of the paper and the fabric made merchantable. Even if it be necessary that the wax should be maintained in a melted state to be ironed' or smoothed, yet, in this very operation, by the beat which is maintained as the paper passes under the weighted bloeks: and the brush, in close contact with the plate, the thorough diffusion or incorporation of the melted wax into the fabrio of the paper is secured. This beat is thus maintained so as to secure the thorough heating of the unwaxed surface of the paper, and so allow the wax to follow the pores to and throughout that surface, from the waxed surface and through the body, and become a uniform body of wax in all the pa- per. To say that the heated plate keeps the wax fused only 60 as to allow the laws of nature to diffuse the wax through- out the breadth of the paper, is only to concede the infringe- ment. In all machinery, the arrangement of it is designed to secure the operation of laws whose operation is certain to f ollow such arrangement of it, and those certain laws are the laws of nature; and it is because those known laws are oer- ��� �