Page:Federal Reporter, 1st Series, Volume 1.djvu/883

 UAINVrABING V. BASE OABSIE DELAP. 875 �between these two permanent decks were laid planks, and over the planks were laid mats. The planks were laid edge to edge, but rather loosely, together. The soda ash and the bleaching powders were stowed in the lower hold, two and three tiers high. Between two of the beams, amidships, the bricks were stowed, on top of the casks. This cargo fiUed the the lower hold up to within a foot or a foot and a half of the beams. The empty barrels were stowed between decks, mostly in the fore peak. The sait was stowed between decks, partly aft and partly amidships. The cutoh was stowed on the sait. The bags were stowed in two places between decks, part of them on this temporary deck of planks covered with mats, directly over the bleaching powders, and part of them aft on the permanent deck. �The vessel left Liverpool on the third day of November, 1877, and did not arrive at New York until the eighteenth day of January, 1878. She hàd a very tempestuous voyage, was obliged to put into Holyhead and remain there about three weeks, and on the tenth of January she encountered a gale of great violence, which lasted three days, during which she was, for a short time, on her beam ends, and took in some water, which the pumps could not reach. After this gale the vessel was somewhat listed to port. Some of the casks of bleaching powder and soda ash were broken. Upon arrivai the baies of bags were delivered in good order except some 32, which were corroded and eaten on the outside so that the fabric crumbled and became dust. This is the effect upon such fabrics of the fumes of bleaching powders, which consist largely of the chloride of lime. The evidence shows clearly that the baies of bags did not corne in direct con- tact with the bleaching powders, bat that the injury was done by the fumes arising from them. It is proved, also, that such fumes, dangerous to such fabrics as bags, arise from the bleaching powders wherever the powders are free — that is, not enclosed in casks — even without the powders being wet. It f arther appears that these bleaching powders bave a destruc- tive eiïect upon the hoops of the casks in which they are enclosed, having a tendency to cause the casks to faU apart. ��� �