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 offender; whence to use means altogether out of proportion to the end in view; to 'crack a nut with a Nasmyth hammer.'

1734. Pope, Satires, Prol., 308. Satire or sense, alas! can Sporus feel, Who breaks a butterfly upon a wheel?

1857. Dickens, Little Dorrit, ii. 21. He was sorry for the excellent people, and deplored the necessity of breaking mere house-flies on the wheel.

To grease the wheels, verb. phr. (common).—1. To furnish money for a specific object: see Grease.

1809. Malkin, Gil Blas [Routledge], 74. Your uncle regaled us yesterday  and paid the piper To-day the wheels are greased by your humble servant.

2. (venery).—In sing. = to copulate: see Greens and Ride.

To go (or run) on wheels, verb. phr. (old).—1. To do with ease, expedition, without exertion.

2. (old).—Said of one suffering from the after-effects of drunkenness.

1772. Bridges, Burlesque Homer, 114. Strong liquor don't agree with me; My head's too heavy for my heels, And all the world runs round on wheels.

To put one's shoulder to the wheel, verb. phr. (colloquial).—To put one's heart into a matter, to buckle to, to do with spirit, resolution, or courage.

Wheels within wheels, subs. phr. (colloquial).—Complication, intricacies, something other than that which is apparent at first sight. [Cf. Ezekiel i. 16.]

1730. North, Lord Guildford, ii. 144. It was notorious that after this secretary retired the king's affairs went backwards; wheels within wheels took place; the ministers turned formalisers, and the court mysterious.

1760. Johnston, Chrysal, ii. 196. But, sir, is there not danger of their being provoked by such an attack to say something improper, and that they who made the contracts with them may do you an ill office on another occasion? They are wheels within wheels.

1837. Dickens, Pickwick Papers, xl. 'And a birdcage, sir,' said Sam; 'veels vithin veels, a prison in a prison.'

To steer a trick at the wheel. See Trick.

To put a spoke in one's wheel (or cart), verb. phr. (old).—To do an ill turn. Occasionally (by an unwarrantable inversion) = to assist.

1661-91. Merry Drolleries [Ebsworth, 1875], 224. He lookt to be made an emperor for't, But the Divel did set a spoke in his cart.

1689. God's Last Twenty-Nine Years' Wonders [Walsh]. Both bills were such spokes in their chariot-wheels that made them drive much slower.

1809. Malkin Gil Blas [Routledge], 19. Rolando put a spoke in their wheel by representing that they ought at least to wait till the lady could come in for her share of the amusement.

1855. Thackeray, Newcomes, ix. There's a spoke in your wheel, you stuck-up little Duchess.

1872. Eliot, Middlemarch, xiii. It seems to me it would be a very poor sort of religion to put a spoke in his wheel by refusing to say you don't believe.

1898. Walsh, Lit. Curios., 1030. When solid wheels were used, the driver was provided with a pin or spoke, which he thrust into one of the three holes made to receive it, to skid the cart when it went down hill.

Wheel-hand in the Nick, phr. (old).—'Regular Drinking over the left Thumb' (B. E.).