Page:Experimental researches in chemistry and.djvu/354

1831.], the different degrees of colour or translucency corresponding to different depths of the fluid, give important information relative to the true nature of the phenomena (78. 85. 97). Milk is, for its opacity, of similar advantage, especially when a light is placed beneath; and being more viscid than water, is better for large arrangements (72. 98), because it produces less splashing.

76. Oil does not show small crispations readily (120), and was supposed to be incapable of forming them, but when warmed (by which its liquidity is increased) it produces them freely. Cold oil will also produce large crispations, and for very large ones would probably be better than water, because of its cohesion. The difference between oil and white of egg is remarkable; for the latter, from common observation, would appear to be a thicker fluid than oil: but the qualities of cohesion differ in the two, the apparent thickness of white of egg depending upon an elastic power (probably due to an approach to structure), which tends to restore its particles to their first position, and co-existing with great freedom to move through small spaces, whilst that of oil is due to a real difficulty in removing the particles one by another. It is possible that the power of assuming, more or less readily, the crispated state, may be a useful and even important indication of the internal constitution of different fluids.

77. With mercury the crispations are formed with great facility, and of extreme beauty, when a piece of amalgamated tin or copper plate, fixed on a lath (69), is Hooded with the fluid metal, and then vibrated. A film quickly covers the metal, and then the appearances are not so regular as at first; but on removing the film by a piece of paper, their regularity and beauty are restored. It is more convenient to cover the mercury with a little very dilute acetic or nitric acid; for then the crispations may be produced and maintained for any length of time with a surface of perfect brilliancy.

78. When a layer of ink was put over the mercury, the acid of the ink removed all film, and the summits of the metallic heaps, by diminishing the thickness of the ink over them, became more or less visible, producing the appearance of pearls of equal size beautifully arranged in a black medium. When mercury covered with a 61m of dilute acid was vibrated in the