Page:Every Woman's Encyclopedia Volume 1.djvu/730

 WOMAN'S HOME 702 •L By W. S. ROGERS, C.E., Author of "Villa Gardens," etc. g-j<^g^;i^ ^^— ^"' mm^ The "Water Company's System— The HoNwat2f System— The Questions of Light and Lighting- Heating and Ventilation It may be assumed that company water, under ordinary circumstances, is above reproach in the matter of purity,. - _ though not a few systems do not J-ORp KELV/N 5 T/iP and faulty construction include any provision for sof ten- approved by the company. In spite of this, however, leaky taps are far too common, and the cause usually is cheap HOT WATER CISTERN FEED CISTERN ing the water The supply should be that known as "Constant Service." An intermittent supply im- plies that the day's water must be stored in a cistern of ample capacity for meeting the maxi- mum demand the household may make upon it. Cisterns at all times are evils that are best avoided. The service pipes should be laid deeply enough to preclude injury from frost. The house piping should be guarded from frost, by keeping it as far as pos- sible in the inside walls, and, where neces- sary, protecting it by a boxing filled with SUPPLY non-con- ducting material. There is no gr e a t e r nuisance to the house- holder than leaky taps. The sup ply company also re- g a r d s them with equal disfav- our, since they mean waste of water, hence the pat- tern of BOILER s ■ Diagram of hot'water system with tank reserve. P. ^ The dsfect of this system is the great length required of pipe between boiler and reservoir t O b 6 This tap cjuinot leak and is of great durability Owing to the considerable pressure of the main water, taps for constant service are of the " screw-down " pattern. Of these, the best for all pur- poses is that devised by the late Lord Kelvin, and now largely used. Its principal advantage is that it dispenses with rubber, leather, and other washers, being made throughout of metal. It practically cannot leak, and, under ordinary careful use, will last a lifetime. Taps should be large enough to permit ol the rapid filling of baths and other utensils. A well-equipped house should have hot and cold water supply to the kitchen sink, the butler's pantry, the bath, the lavatory basin, and in some convenient position on the upper floors for drawing water for bed-room use. When there is no house- ma i d's closet, the last may be in the bath- room, but it should be sepa- rate from the bath supply, which is never conveni - ent for filling jugs and ewers. Most modern hou s e s have a h o t - water BOILER CYLINDER The Cylinder system of hot'watar supply. This system is fast replacing the cistern system, its shorter length of pipe ensures less risk of incrustation and a better reserve of hot water